Arizona Senate Moves Forward on Controversial Firing Squad Proposal

PHOENIX — Arizona lawmakers are considering a measure that could have voters decide on the implementation of firing squads as a method of execution for death row inmates. This discussion emerges as the state prepares for its first execution in three years, scheduled for next month.

Complications surrounding lethal injections are prompting states to explore alternative methods. An expert in execution methods recently labeled firing squads as “the least inhumane way” to carry out capital punishment. South Carolina will conduct the first execution by firing squad in the U.S. in 15 years within the next two weeks.

Republican State Rep. Alexander Kolodin, advocating for the proposed ballot measure, argues that firing squads offer a faster and more humane alternative to lethal injections. He cites the recommendation of a retired judge who was dismissed by Democratic Governor Katie Hobbs; the judge had suggested firing squads in a review of the state’s death penalty procedures.

Kolodin asserts that voters should amend the state Constitution to replace lethal injection with firing squads. His resolution has made progress in the House, advancing through committee on a party-line vote. Both the Republican-controlled House and Senate can place the firing squad question on the ballot for a statewide vote, potentially occurring in 2026.

The proposal has drawn some pushback. Critics, including representatives from the ACLU of Arizona, emphasize the risk of wrongful executions, with Jeanne Woodbury stating, “The price for being wrong is too great.” Emotional and ethical concerns have also been raised about placing corrections officers in the position to carry out executions.

Historically, firing squads have been part of capital punishment methods since colonial America. According to Deborah Denno, a law professor and execution methods expert, the U.S. uniquely employs six different execution techniques. Denno notes that with ongoing issues around lethal injections—such as acquisition of drugs and botched executions—it may be time to reconsider alternative methods.

“After 40-something years, it’s certainly never been worse than it has been,” she stated. “Firing squads present a known method where death is certain and relatively quick.” Denno suggests that, compared to lethal injection and the gas chamber, firing squads might meet the Eighth Amendment standards, which prohibit cruel and unusual punishment.